Twitter, online microblogging service for distributing short messages among groups of recipients via personal computer or mobile telephone. Twitter incorporates aspects of social networking Web sites, such as Myspace and Facebook, with instant messaging technologies to create networks of users who can communicate throughout the day with brief messages, or “tweets.” A user types a tweet via mobile phone keypad or computer and sends it to Twitter’s server, which relays it to a list of other users (known as followers) who have signed up to receive the sender’s tweets by either text message to their mobile phones or by instant message to their personal computers. In addition, users can elect to track specific topics, creating a dialogue of sorts and pushing the number of followers in a given Twitter feed into the millions. Tweets may be on any subject, ranging from jokes to news to dinner plans, but they cannot exceed 140 characters
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The History Of Twitter
Twitter was built using Ruby on Rails, a specialized Web-application framework for the Ruby computer programming language. Its interface allows open adaptation and integration with other online services. The service was designed in 2006 by Evan Williams and Biz Stone, each of whom worked at Googlebefore leaving to launch the podcasting venture Odeo. Williams, who had previously created the popular Web authoring tool Blogger, began experimenting with one of Odeo’s side projects—a short message service (SMS) then called Twttr. Seeing a future for the product, Williams bought out Odeo and started Obvious Corp. to further develop it. Engineer Jack Dorseyjoined the management team, and the completed version of Twitter debuted at the South by Southwestmusic conference in Austin, Texas, in March 2007. The following month Twitter, Inc., was created as a corporate entity, thanks to an infusion of venture capital.
From its inception Twitter was primarily a free SMS with a social networking element. As such, it lacked the clear revenue stream that one could find on sites that derived income from banner advertising or membership fees. With the number of unique visitors increasing some 1,300 percent in 2009, it was obvious that Twitter was more than a nichecuriosity. However, in a year that saw the social networking juggernautFacebook turn a profit for only the first time, it was not clear whether Twitter could achieve financial independence from its venture capital investors. In April 2010 Twitter unveiled “Promoted Tweets”—advertisements that would appear in search results—as its intended primary revenue source.
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